Water treatment is the work of reclamation of basic living water, which is being rapidly polluted every day, after used for domestic or industrial purposes. This treatment process can be done by physical, chemical, or biological ways:
Chemical treatment is performed in the way that various chemicals are added in wastewater in fast and slow mixing units then these chemicals precipitate after reacted with pollutants in wastewater.
Biological treatment is performed through biodegradation of domestic or industrial wastewater with the help of oxygenated or non-oxygenated bacteria.
What is Activated Carbon?
The widespread application field of activated carbon is removal of organic matter, color,odor, taste, and chlorine present in water. However, this is not only physical filtering process. Activated carbon systems are systems that carry out physico-chemical treatment, and adsorption mechanism is functioning during the treatment of water. Activated carbon is a material that is charcoal but has very large surface area (1000-1500 m2/gr).
It is widely used in water with organic pollution and for removal of chlorine.
One thing to be paid attention about activated carbon is that it can create a favorable environment for bacterial growth. This is because of that activated carbon retains organic matter, and if there is bacteria in the water, bacteria can reproduce using this organic matter as food. In such cases, the formation of bacterial leakage is possible. For this reason, it is important to disinfect the water before and after activated carbon.
Reverse osmosis system is the most sensitive membrane filtration that has been known so far.It is membrane filtration process for separating unwanted minerals in water. Water is passed through approximately 5 angstrom-sized pores on the membrane with high pressure. Only water molecules and a small number of inorganic molecules can pass through such pore. It provides water supply that can be drunk with peace of mind.
It is a process in which by use of osmotic pressure, mineral-rich water is passed across semipermeable membrane as water with decreased mineral. With this method, many minerals, bacteria, and viruses within the water can be filtered up to 99% purity. Steam boilers, preparation of feed water, coating, pharmacy, food, and beverage industry, drinking water production, laboratories, recovery of waste waters and removal of arsenic in recent years are among main area of usage of reverse osmosis.
Excellent filtration is achieved without changing chemical structure and pH of the water. Ultrafiltration technique (UF) occupies an important place among filtration systems. It has 0,02 microns of pore diameter.
Ultrafiltration modules provide 99 - 100% bacteria and virus removal, 99 - 100% particle removal, 25 - 50% organic matter removal without the need for any continuous dosing chemicals.
Depending on the turbidity value of input water, flux value reaches < 0,1 NTU turbidity value in the output via adjusted ultrafiltration modules.
